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ISO 8583 Standard for Financial Transaction Card Originated Messages - Interchange message specifications is the International Organization for Standardization standard for systems that exchange electronic transactions made by cardholders using payment cards.

Introduction {| class="wikitable" style="float: right"|+ ISO-Defined Data Elements! Data Element !! Type !! Usage|-| 1 || b 64 || Bit Map Extended|-| 2 || n ..19 || Primary account number (PAN)|-| 3 || n 6 || Processing code or an ATM, through a series of networks, to a card issuing system for authorization against the cardholder's account. The transaction data contains information derived from the card (eg, the account number), the terminal (eg, the merchant number), the transaction (eg, the amount), together with other data which may be generated dynamically or added by intervening systems. The card issuing system will either authorize or decline the transaction and generate a response message which must be delivered back to the terminal in a timely manner.

ISO 8583 defines a message format and a communication flow so that different systems can exchange these transactions. The vast majority of transactions made at [Automated Teller Machines use ISO 8583 at some point in the communication chain, as do transactions made when a customer uses a card to make a payment in a store. In particular, both the MasterCard and VISA (credit card) networks base their transactions on the ISO 8583 standard, as do many other institutions and networks.

Cardholder-originated transactions include purchase, withdrawal, deposit, refund, reversal, balance inquiry, payments and inter-account transfers. ISO 8583 also defines system-to-system messages for secure key exchanges, reconciliation of totals, and other administrative purposes.

Although ISO 8583 defines a common standard, it is not typically used directly by systems or networks. Instead, each network adapts the standard for its own use with custom fields and custom usages.

The placement of fields in different versions of the standard varies; for example, the currency elements of the 1987 and 1993 versions are no longer used in the 2003 version, which holds currency as a sub-element of any financial amount element. As of writing, ISO 8583:2003 has yet to achieve wide acceptance.

An ISO 8583 message is made of the following parts:



Message Type Indicator (MTI) This is a 4 digit numeric field which classifies the high level function of the message. A Message Type Indicator includes the ISO 8583 version, the Message Class, the Message Function and the Message Origin, each described briefly in the following sections.

ISO 8583 Version Position one of the MTI specifies the versions of the ISO 8583 standard which is being used to transmit the message.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| 0xxx || ISO 8583-1:1987 version|-| 1xxx || ISO 8583-2:1993 version|-| 2xxx || ISO 8583-1:2003 version|-| 9xxx || Private usage|}

Message Class Position two of the MTI specifies the overall purpose of the message.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning !! Usage|-| x1xx || Authorization Message || Determine if funds are available, get an approval but do not post to account for reconciliation, Dual Message System (DMS) system, awaits file exchange for posting to account|-| x2xx || Financial Message || Determines if funds are available, get an approval and post directly to the account, Single Message System (SMS), no file exchange after this|-| x3xx || File Actions Message || Used for hot-card, TMS and other exchanges|-| x4xx || Reversal Message || Reverses the action of a previous authorization|-| x5xx || Reconciliation Message || Transmits settlement information|-| x6xx || Administrative Message || Transmits information about message failures|-| x7xx || Fee Collection Message |||-| x8xx || Network Management Message || Used for secure key exchange, logon, echo test and other network functions|-| x9xx || Reserved by ISO|}

Message Function Position three of the MTI specifies the message function which defines how the message should flow within the system. Requests are end-to-end messages (eg, from acquirer to issuer and back with timeouts and automatic reversals in place), while advices are point-to-point messages (eg, from terminal to acquirer, from acquirer to network, from network to issuer, with transmission guaranteed over each link, but not necessarily immediately).

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| xx0x || Request|-| xx1x || Request Response|-| xx2x || Advice|-| xx3x || Advice Response|-| xx4x || Notification|-| xx8x || Response acknowledgment|-| xx9x || Negative acknowledgment|}

Message Origin Position four of the MTI defines the location of the message source within the payment chain.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| xxx0 || Acquirer|-| xxx1 || Acquirer Repeat|-| xxx2 || Issuer|-| xxx3 || Issuer Repeat|-| xxx4 || Other|-| xxx5 || Other Repeat|}

Examples Bearing each of the above four positions in mind, an MTI will completely specify what a message should do, and how it is to be transmitted around the network. Unfortunately, not all ISO 8583 implementations interpret the meaning of an MTI in the same way. However, a few MTI's are relatively standard:

{| class="wikitable"! MTI !! Meaning !! Usage|-| 0100 || Authorization request || Request from a point-of-sale terminal for authorization for a cardholder purchase|-| 0120 || Authorization Advice || When the Point of Sale device breaks down and you have to sign a voucher|-| 0121 || Authorisation Advice Repeat || if the advice times out|-| 0200 || Acquirer Financial Request || Request for funds, typically from an ATM|-| 0220 || Acquirer Financial Advice || e.g. Checkout at a hotel|-| 0221 || Acquirer Financial Advice repeat || if the advice times out|-| 0400 || Acquirer Reversal Request || Reverses a transaction|-| 0420 || Acquirer Reversal Advice || Advises that a reversal has taken place|-| 0421 || Acquirer Reversal Advice Repeat Message || if the reversal times out|-| 0800 || Network Management Request || Echo test, logon, log off etc|-| 0820 || Network Management Advice || Keychange|}

Bitmaps Within ISO 8583, a bitmap is a field or subfield within a message which indicates which other data elements or data element subfields may be present elsewhere in a message.

A message will contain at least one bitmap, called the Primary Bitmap which indicates which of Data Elements 1 to 64 are present. A secondary bitmap may also be present, generally as data element one and indicates which of data elements 65 to 128 are present. Similarly, a tertiary, or third, bitmap can be used to indicate the presence or absence of fields 129 to 192, although these data elements are rarely used.

The bitmap may be transmitted as 8 bytes of binary data, or as 16 bytes of hexadecimal characters 0-9, A-F in the ASCII or EBCDIC character sets.

A field is present when the specific bit in the bitmap is true, i.e. byte '42x is binary '0100 0010' which means fields 2 and 7 are present in the message

Examples {| class="wikitable"! Bitmap !! Defines presence of|-| 4210001102C04804 || Fields 2, 7, 12, 28, 32, 39, 41, 42, 50, 53, 62|-| 7234054128C28805 || Fields 2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 12, 14, 22, 24, 26, 32, 35, 37, 41, 42, 47, 49, 53, 62, 64|-| 8000000000000001 || Field 1, 64|-| 0000000000000003(secondary bitmap) || Fields 127, 128|}

Data Elements Data Elements are the individual fields which carrying the substantive information about the transaction itself. There are up to 128 data elements specified in the original ISO 8583:1987 standard, and up to 192 data elements in later releases. The 1993 revision added new definitions, deleted some, while leaving the message format itself unchanged.

While each data element has a specified meaning and format, the standard also includes some general purpose data elements and system- or country-specific data elements which vary enormously in use and form from implementation to implementation.

Each data element is described in a standard format which defines the permitted content of the field (numeric, binary, etc) and the field length (variable or fixed), according to the following table:

{| class="wikitable"! Abbreviation !! Meaning|-| a || Alpha, including blanks|-| n || Numeric values only|-| s || Special characters only|-| an || Alphanumeric|-| as || Alpha & special characters only|-| ns || Numeric and special characters only|-| ans || Alphabetic, numeric and special characters.|-| b || Binary data|-| z || Tracks 2 and 3 code set as defined in ISO 4909 and ISO 7813.|}

Additionally, each field may be either fixed or variable length. If variable, the length of the field will be preceded by a length indicator.

{| class="wikitable"! Type !! Meaning|-| Fixed || Fixed length|-| LLVAR or (..xx) || Where xx < 100, means two leading digits specify the field length|-| LLLVAR or (...xxx) || Where xxx < 1000, means three leading digits specify the field length|-| An LLVAR or LLLVAR field can be compressed or ascii depending of the message format which can be ASCII or Compressed. || For example an LLVAR field can be 1 or 2 bytes, if compressed hex '23x means there are 23 elements to follow, if ascii, bytes '32x, '31x mean there are 21 elements to follow. An element depends on the data type, if numeric it will be compressed, e.g. length 87 will be represented by byte '87x, if ASCII then two bytes will follow, '38x, '37x. LLLVAR fields use 2 or 3 bytes (depending on message type) with a leading '0' nibble if compressed.|}

Examples {| class="wikitable"! Field Definition !! Meaning|-| n6 || Fixed length field of six digits|-| n.6 || LVAR numeric field of up to 6 digits in length|-| a..11 || LLVAR alphanumeric field of up to 11 characters in length|-| b...999 || LLLVAR binary field of up to 999 bytes in length|}

External links ISO 8583 Standard for Financial Transaction Card Originated Messages - Interchange message specifications is the International Organization for Standardization standard for systems that exchange electronic transactions made by cardholders using payment cards.

Introduction {| class="wikitable" style="float: right"|+ ISO-Defined Data Elements! Data Element !! Type !! Usage|-| 1 || b 64 || Bit Map Extended|-| 2 || n ..19 || Primary account number (PAN)|-| 3 || n 6 || Processing code or an ATM, through a series of networks, to a card issuing system for authorization against the cardholder's account. The transaction data contains information derived from the card (eg, the account number), the terminal (eg, the merchant number), the transaction (eg, the amount), together with other data which may be generated dynamically or added by intervening systems. The card issuing system will either authorize or decline the transaction and generate a response message which must be delivered back to the terminal in a timely manner.

ISO 8583 defines a message format and a communication flow so that different systems can exchange these transactions. The vast majority of transactions made at [Automated Teller Machines use ISO 8583 at some point in the communication chain, as do transactions made when a customer uses a card to make a payment in a store. In particular, both the MasterCard and VISA (credit card) networks base their transactions on the ISO 8583 standard, as do many other institutions and networks.

Cardholder-originated transactions include purchase, withdrawal, deposit, refund, reversal, balance inquiry, payments and inter-account transfers. ISO 8583 also defines system-to-system messages for secure key exchanges, reconciliation of totals, and other administrative purposes.

Although ISO 8583 defines a common standard, it is not typically used directly by systems or networks. Instead, each network adapts the standard for its own use with custom fields and custom usages.

The placement of fields in different versions of the standard varies; for example, the currency elements of the 1987 and 1993 versions are no longer used in the 2003 version, which holds currency as a sub-element of any financial amount element. As of writing, ISO 8583:2003 has yet to achieve wide acceptance.

An ISO 8583 message is made of the following parts:



Message Type Indicator (MTI) This is a 4 digit numeric field which classifies the high level function of the message. A Message Type Indicator includes the ISO 8583 version, the Message Class, the Message Function and the Message Origin, each described briefly in the following sections.

ISO 8583 Version Position one of the MTI specifies the versions of the ISO 8583 standard which is being used to transmit the message.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| 0xxx || ISO 8583-1:1987 version|-| 1xxx || ISO 8583-2:1993 version|-| 2xxx || ISO 8583-1:2003 version|-| 9xxx || Private usage|}

Message Class Position two of the MTI specifies the overall purpose of the message.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning !! Usage|-| x1xx || Authorization Message || Determine if funds are available, get an approval but do not post to account for reconciliation, Dual Message System (DMS) system, awaits file exchange for posting to account|-| x2xx || Financial Message || Determines if funds are available, get an approval and post directly to the account, Single Message System (SMS), no file exchange after this|-| x3xx || File Actions Message || Used for hot-card, TMS and other exchanges|-| x4xx || Reversal Message || Reverses the action of a previous authorization|-| x5xx || Reconciliation Message || Transmits settlement information|-| x6xx || Administrative Message || Transmits information about message failures|-| x7xx || Fee Collection Message |||-| x8xx || Network Management Message || Used for secure key exchange, logon, echo test and other network functions|-| x9xx || Reserved by ISO|}

Message Function Position three of the MTI specifies the message function which defines how the message should flow within the system. Requests are end-to-end messages (eg, from acquirer to issuer and back with timeouts and automatic reversals in place), while advices are point-to-point messages (eg, from terminal to acquirer, from acquirer to network, from network to issuer, with transmission guaranteed over each link, but not necessarily immediately).

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| xx0x || Request|-| xx1x || Request Response|-| xx2x || Advice|-| xx3x || Advice Response|-| xx4x || Notification|-| xx8x || Response acknowledgment|-| xx9x || Negative acknowledgment|}

Message Origin Position four of the MTI defines the location of the message source within the payment chain.

{| class="wikitable"! Position !! Meaning|-| xxx0 || Acquirer|-| xxx1 || Acquirer Repeat|-| xxx2 || Issuer|-| xxx3 || Issuer Repeat|-| xxx4 || Other|-| xxx5 || Other Repeat|}

Examples Bearing each of the above four positions in mind, an MTI will completely specify what a message should do, and how it is to be transmitted around the network. Unfortunately, not all ISO 8583 implementations interpret the meaning of an MTI in the same way. However, a few MTI's are relatively standard:

{| class="wikitable"! MTI !! Meaning !! Usage|-| 0100 || Authorization request || Request from a point-of-sale terminal for authorization for a cardholder purchase|-| 0120 || Authorization Advice || When the Point of Sale device breaks down and you have to sign a voucher|-| 0121 || Authorisation Advice Repeat || if the advice times out|-| 0200 || Acquirer Financial Request || Request for funds, typically from an ATM|-| 0220 || Acquirer Financial Advice || e.g. Checkout at a hotel|-| 0221 || Acquirer Financial Advice repeat || if the advice times out|-| 0400 || Acquirer Reversal Request || Reverses a transaction|-| 0420 || Acquirer Reversal Advice || Advises that a reversal has taken place|-| 0421 || Acquirer Reversal Advice Repeat Message || if the reversal times out|-| 0800 || Network Management Request || Echo test, logon, log off etc|-| 0820 || Network Management Advice || Keychange|}

Bitmaps Within ISO 8583, a bitmap is a field or subfield within a message which indicates which other data elements or data element subfields may be present elsewhere in a message.

A message will contain at least one bitmap, called the Primary Bitmap which indicates which of Data Elements 1 to 64 are present. A secondary bitmap may also be present, generally as data element one and indicates which of data elements 65 to 128 are present. Similarly, a tertiary, or third, bitmap can be used to indicate the presence or absence of fields 129 to 192, although these data elements are rarely used.

The bitmap may be transmitted as 8 bytes of binary data, or as 16 bytes of hexadecimal characters 0-9, A-F in the ASCII or EBCDIC character sets.

A field is present when the specific bit in the bitmap is true, i.e. byte '42x is binary '0100 0010' which means fields 2 and 7 are present in the message

Examples {| class="wikitable"! Bitmap !! Defines presence of|-| 4210001102C04804 || Fields 2, 7, 12, 28, 32, 39, 41, 42, 50, 53, 62|-| 7234054128C28805 || Fields 2, 3, 4, 7, 11, 12, 14, 22, 24, 26, 32, 35, 37, 41, 42, 47, 49, 53, 62, 64|-| 8000000000000001 || Field 1, 64|-| 0000000000000003(secondary bitmap) || Fields 127, 128|}

Data Elements Data Elements are the individual fields which carrying the substantive information about the transaction itself. There are up to 128 data elements specified in the original ISO 8583:1987 standard, and up to 192 data elements in later releases. The 1993 revision added new definitions, deleted some, while leaving the message format itself unchanged.

While each data element has a specified meaning and format, the standard also includes some general purpose data elements and system- or country-specific data elements which vary enormously in use and form from implementation to implementation.

Each data element is described in a standard format which defines the permitted content of the field (numeric, binary, etc) and the field length (variable or fixed), according to the following table:

{| class="wikitable"! Abbreviation !! Meaning|-| a || Alpha, including blanks|-| n || Numeric values only|-| s || Special characters only|-| an || Alphanumeric|-| as || Alpha & special characters only|-| ns || Numeric and special characters only|-| ans || Alphabetic, numeric and special characters.|-| b || Binary data|-| z || Tracks 2 and 3 code set as defined in ISO 4909 and ISO 7813.|}

Additionally, each field may be either fixed or variable length. If variable, the length of the field will be preceded by a length indicator.

{| class="wikitable"! Type !! Meaning|-| Fixed || Fixed length|-| LLVAR or (..xx) || Where xx < 100, means two leading digits specify the field length|-| LLLVAR or (...xxx) || Where xxx < 1000, means three leading digits specify the field length|-| An LLVAR or LLLVAR field can be compressed or ascii depending of the message format which can be ASCII or Compressed. || For example an LLVAR field can be 1 or 2 bytes, if compressed hex '23x means there are 23 elements to follow, if ascii, bytes '32x, '31x mean there are 21 elements to follow. An element depends on the data type, if numeric it will be compressed, e.g. length 87 will be represented by byte '87x, if ASCII then two bytes will follow, '38x, '37x. LLLVAR fields use 2 or 3 bytes (depending on message type) with a leading '0' nibble if compressed.|}

Examples {| class="wikitable"! Field Definition !! Meaning|-| n6 || Fixed length field of six digits|-| n.6 || LVAR numeric field of up to 6 digits in length|-| a..11 || LLVAR alphanumeric field of up to 11 characters in length|-| b...999 || LLLVAR binary field of up to 999 bytes in length|}

External links

 

Iso 8583



 
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